Brazil: Amazon Region
(see also Brazil, Brazil: Indigenous Peoples, Brazil: Military Regime, Brazil since 1985, Brazil: Lula & the Workers' Party, Bolivia: Amazon Region, Peru: Amazon Region, Ecuador: Amazon Region, Colombia: Amazon Region & Venezuela: Amazon Region).
Basics
On the Web: Articles
Disappearance of Amazon Rainforest Brings Pledge of Emergency Action. John Vidal, Guardian (6/28/03).
On the Web: Articles
Exports Blamed for Amazon Deforestation. Raymond Colitt, Financial Times (1/14/05).
Amazon Destruction Jumps; Environmentalists are Shocked. Axel Bugge, Environmental News Network (6/27/03).
Eyes in the Rainforest. Marcello Ballve, El Andar (sum 03). On SIVAM military surveillance project.
On the Web: Specialized Sites
SIVAM (official site).
In the Library: Articles
Action for Citizenship Committee. "Roraima, Brazil: a death warning," Cultural Survival Quarterly 13,4 (1989):59-67.
Albert, Bruce. "Indian lands, environmental policy, & military geopolitics in the development of the Brazilian Amazon: the case of the Yanomami," Studies in Comparative International Development (1990).
Andujar, Claudia. "Developments among the Yanomami," IWGIA Newsletter 49 (4/87):27-36.
Anon. "Brazil: health crisis among the Yanomami" & "Brazil: a report on the situation of the Yanomami," IWGIA Newsletter 28/29 (10-12/81):6-9 & 34-40.
__________. "Brazil: FUNAI drags its heels over Yanomami Park," IWGIA Newsletter 33 (3/83):25-51.
Bakx, Keith. "From proletarian to peasant: rural transformation in the State of Acre, 1870-1986," Journal of Development Studies 24 (1988):141-60.
Barboza, Luiz C. "The world-system & the destruction of the Brazilian Amazon rain forest," Review 16,2 (spr 93):215-40.
Bay, Christian. "Human rights on the periphery: no room in the ark for the Yanomami?" Development Dialogue 1-2 (1984):23-41.
Booth, William. "Warfare over the Yanomamo Indians," Science 243 (3/3/89):1138-40.
Botting, Douglas. "Manaus," Georgraphical Magazine 39 (10/66):434-47.
Bradby, Barbara. "The destruction of natural economy," Economy & Society 4 (1975):127-61.
Browder, John O. "Brazil's export production policy (1980-1984): impacts on the Amazon's industrial wood sector," Journal of Developing Areas 21 (4/87):285-304.
__________. "The social costs of rainforest destruction," Interciencia 13 (5-6/88).
__________. "Public policy & deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon," in Repetto & Gillis (eds.) Public Policies & the Misuse of Forest Resources (NY: Cambridge, 1988).
Burns, E. Bradford. "Manaus, 1910: portrait of a boom town," Journal of Inter-American Studies 7,3 (7/65):400-21.
Campbell, Constance. "Community mobilization & education for conservation: a case study of the rubber tappers in Acre, Brazil," Latinamericanist 24,2 (5/89):2-7.
Campbell, R. "Timely reprieve or a death sentence for the Amazon?" Smithsonian 8 (10/77):100-11.
Cavuscens, Silvio. "The indigenous people of the Javarí valley: an unknown reality," IWGIA Newsletter 50 (7/87):57-68.
Cockburn, Andrew. "Trees, cows & cocaine: an interview with Susanna Hecht," New Left Review 173 (1-2/89):33-45.
Commission for the Creation of the Yanomami Park. "Brazilian government reduces Yanomami territory by 70%," Cultural Survival Quarterly 13,1 (1989):44-6.
Denevan, William M. "Development & the imminent demise of the Amazon rain forest," Professional Geographer 25,2 (5/73):130-35.
Ellis, William S. "Rondonia: Brazil's imperiled rain forest," National Geographic (12/88):772-99. Focus on settlers & their lives.
Fearnside, Philip M. "Deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon: how fast is it occurring?" Interciencia 7,2 (1982):82-88.
__________. "Deforestation & decisionmaking in the development of Brazilian Amazonia," Interciencia 10,5 (9-10/85):243-47.
__________. "Brazil's Amazon forest & the global carbon problem," Interciencia 10,4 (7-8/85):179-86.
__________. "Settlement in Rondonia & the token role of science & technology in Brazil's Amazonian development planning," Interciencia 111,5 (1986):229-36.
__________. "Deforestation in Brazilian Amazonia: the rates & causes of the forest destruction," The Ecologist 19,6 (11-12/89):204-19.
Foland, Frances M. "A profile of Amazonia: its possibilities for development," Journal of Interamerican Studies & World Affairs 13,1 (1/71):62-77.
Friedman, Irving. "The Amazon Basin: another Sahel?" Science (7/77).
Graeber, David. "What did this man do to the Yanomami?" In These Times (1/13/00).
Hecht, Susanna. "Chico Mendes: chronicle of a death foretold," New Left Review 173 (1-2/89):47-55.
__________."The sacred cow" & "Murder at the margins of the world," NACLA Report 23,1 (5/89): 23-26 & 36-40.
Hurrell, Andrew. "The politics of Amazonian deforestation," Journal of Latin American Studies 23 (1991):197-215.
Le Bastille, Anne. "Heaven, not hell," Audobon (11/79):63-103.
Levenson, Ruth & others. "The burning of Brazil: ecology & environment in global perspective," Camões Center Quarterly 1,1 (3/89):1-9.
Mendes, Chico. "Brazil: Chico Mendes, ecologist, assassinated (interview)," LADOC 19,5 (5-6/89):9-17.
__________. "Chico Mendes: the defense of life," Journal of Peasant Studies 20,1 (10/92):160-76.
__________. "Fight for the forest: building bridges," in S.E. Place (ed.) Tropical Rainforests: Latin American Nature & Society in Transition (Wilmington DE: Scholarly Resources, 1993), pp. 154-57.
Monte-Mor, Roberto. "Struggles in Amazonia," Capitalism, Nature, Socialism 2,2 (6/91).
Reiss, Bob. "'I did not kill Chico Mendes': João Branco, Amazonian cattle baron, wants you to understand some things," Outside (3/90):41-51,117-20.
Rone, Jemera & Dan Swanson. "Brazil: rural violence & the rainforest," in Human Rights Watch/Natural Resources Defense Council, Defending the Earth: Abuses of Human Rights & the Environment (NY, 1992), pp. 1-10.
Samphier, Tony. "A Brazilian woman's battle for the environment," Contemporary Review 266 (4/95):193-95. Senator Marina Silva of Rio Branco, liberation theologian & friend of Chico Mendes.
Schwartzmann, Stephen. "Seringueiros defend the rainforest in Amazonia," Cultural Survival Quarterly 10,2 (1986):41-43.
Souza, Jacir José de. "Fighting for a Macuxi homeland (interview)" Abya Yala News 10,1 (spr 96):20-21, 36. Indians vs. ranchers & garimpeiros in Roraima.
Sweeney, Anne-Marie. "A force to reckon with," New Internationalist (5/94):35. Rural trade unionist Jaide Barreiros in Carajás region.
Taylor, Kenneth I. "Development against the Yanoama: the case of mining & agriculture", in International Working Group on Indigenous Affairs, Document 37 (Copenhagen, 1979), pp. 43-98.
__________. "Las necesidades de tierra de los Yanomami," América Indígena 43,3 (7-9/83):629-54.
Turner, Terence & Davi Kopenawa. "'I fight because I am alive'," Cultural Survival Quarterly 14,3 (sum 91):59-64).
Wasserstrom, R. "Genocide in the jungle," Commonweal 107 (4/25/80):240-42. Yanomami.
Yanomami, Davi Kopenawa. "Letter to all peoples of the earth," Cultural Survival Quarterly 13,4 (1989):68-69.
In the Library: Non-Fiction Books
Adriance, Madeleine Cousineau. Promised Land: Base Christian Communities & the Struggle for the Amazon (Albany: SUNY, 1995).
Anderson, Anthony B. Alternatives to Deforestation: Steps Toward Sustainable Use of the Amazon Rain Forest (NY: Columbia, 1990).
__________; Peter H. May & Michael J. Balick. The Subsidy from Nature: Palm Forests, Peasantry & Development on an Amazonian Frontier (NY: Columbia, 1991).
Banuri, Tariq & Frederique Apffel Marglin (eds.) Living with the Forests: Knowledge, Power & Environmental Destruction (London: Verso, 1993).
Barbira-Scazzocchio, F. (ed.) Land, People & Planning in Contemporary Amazonia (NY: Cambridge, 1980).
Branford, Sue & Oriel Glock. The Last Frontier: Fighting over Land in the Amazon (London: Zed, 1985).
Browder, John O. (ed.) Fragile Lands of Latin America: Strategies for Sustainable Development (Boulder: Westview, 1989).
__________ & Brian J. Godfrey. Rainforest Cities: Urbanization, Development, & Globalization of the Brazilian Amazon (NY: Columbia, 1997).
Bruneau, Thomas C. The Catholic Church & the Basic Christian Communities: A Case Study from the Brazilian Amazon (Montreal: McGill, 1983).
Cowell, Adrian. The Decade of Destruction: The Crusade to Save the Amazon Rain Forest (NY: Henry Holt, 1990).
de Onis, Juan. The Green Cathedral: Sustainable Development of Amazonia (NY: Oxford, 1992).
Dunne, John S. The Church of the Poor Devil: Reflections on a Riverboat Voyage & a Spiritual Journey (NY, 1982). Poor people's religion in Manaus.
Dwyer, Augusta. Into the Amazon: Chico Mendes & the Struggle for the Rain Forest (San Francisco: Sierra Club, 1990).
Furley, Peter A. (ed.) Forest Frontier: Settlement & Change in Brazilian Roraima (London: Routledge, 1994).
Gennino, Angela (ed.) Amazonia: Voices from the Rainforest: A Resource & Action Guide (San Francisco: Rainforest Action Network, 1990).
Goodman, David & Anthony Hall (eds.) Future of Amazonia: Destruction or Sustainable Development? (NY: St. Martin's, 1990).
Hecht, Susanna & Alexander Cockburn. The Fate of the Forest: Developers, Destroyers & Defenders of the Amazon (NY: Verso, 1989).
Jordan, Carl F. (ed.) Amazonian Rainforests: Ecosystem Disturbance & Recovery (NY: Springer-Verlag, 1987).
Le Breton, Binka. Voices from the Amazon (West Hartford CT: Kumarian, 1993).
__________. A Land to Die For (Atlanta: Clarity, 1997).
Mendes, Chico. Fight for the Forest: Chico Mendes in his Own Words (London : Latin America Bureau, 1989).
Migliazza, Ernest C. The Integration of the Indigenous Peoples of the Territory of Roraima, Brazil (Copenhagen: IWGIA, 1978).
Mindler, Betty. The Unwritten Stories of the Suruí Indians of Rondonia (Austin: U. Texas, 1995).
Ramos, Alcida Rita. Indigenism: Ethnic Politics in Brazil (Madison: U. Wisconsin, 1998).
Revkin, Andrew. The Burning Season: The Murder of Chico Mendes & the Fight for the Amazon Rain Forest (NY: Plume, 1994).
Rezende, Ricardo. Rio Maria: Song of the Earth (Maryknoll NY: Orbis, 1994).
Riviere, Peter. The Forgotten Frontier: Ranchers of Northern Brazil (NY: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1972).
Schmink, Marianne & Charles H. Wood (eds.) Frontier Expansion in Amazonia (Gainesville: U. Florida, 1984).
Shoumatoff, Alex. The World is Burning: Murder in the Rain Forest (Boston: Little, Brown, 1990).
Souza, Márcio e outros. Os indios vão à luta (Rio de Janeiro: Marco Zero, 1981).
__________. O empate contra Chico Mendes (São Paulo: Marco Zero, 1990; Spanish trans. Complot contra el Amazonas: la fascinante historia de la lucha de Chico Mendes; México: Diana, 1992).
__________. Breve história da Amazonia (Rio de Janeiro: Marco Zero, 1994).
Staniford, Philip. Pioneers in the Tropics: The Political Organization of a Japanese Immigrant Community in Brazil (London, 1973). Tome Açu, Pará in the Amazon Valley.
Stewart, Douglas Ian. After the Trees: Living on the Trans-Amazon Highway (Austin: U. Texas, 1994).
Tulchin, Joseph S. & Anderew I. Rudman (eds.) Economic Development & Environmental Protection in Amazonia (Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 1991).
Wesche, Rolf & Thomas Bruneau. Integration & Change in Brazil's Middle Amazon (Ottawa: U. Ottawa, 1990).
In the Library: Fiction
Souza, Márcio. Galvez: imperador do Acre: folhetim (Rio de Janeiro: Editora Brasilia, 1977; English trans. Thomas Colchie;The Emperor of the Amazon; NY: Avon, 1980).
__________. A resistivel ascensão do Boto Tucuxi: folhetim (Rio de Janeiro: Marco Zero, 1982).
__________. A caligrafia de Deus (São Paulo: Marco Zero, 1994). Novel set in Manaus.
In the Library: For Young Readers
In the Library: Poetry
In the Library: Drama
Souza, Márcio. Teatro (São Paulo: Marco Zero, 1997).
In the Library: Photography
CD & Audio
Film & Video
"The Amazon Verdict" [1991], dir. Odair Redondo, 36m. From From Latin American Video Archives.
"Amazonia: The Road to the End of the Forest" by Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, 2 parts of 48m each. From Filmakers' Library.
"Amazonia: Voices from the Rainforest" 70m. From Video Project.
"The Amazon: A Vanishing Rain Forest" [1988], dir. ?, 29m. From Cinema Guild. National Institute of Amazon research: how encroaching development poses threat to region's fragile ecosystem.
"Amazon: Land of Flooded Forest" [?], by National Geographic, 60m. From Teacher's Video.
"Amazon Journal" [1996], dir. Geoffrey O'Connor, 58m. From Filmakers' Library. Political events from assassination of Chico Mendes in 1988 to Yanomami massacre of 1993, & complex interactions between Indian & mestiço Brazilians.
"Amazon Sisters" [199?], dir. Anne-Marie Sweeney, ?m. From Oxford Film & Video Makers.
"Araguaia: a conspiração do silencio" [2004], dir. Ronaldo Duque, 105m. Feature film.
"At the Edge of Conquest: The Voyage of Chief Wai-Wai" [1993], dir. Geoffrey O'Connor, 28m. From Filmakers' Library. Waiapi leader travels to Brasília in search of justice.
"Balbina: Mark of Destruction" [1990], by TVT, 26m. From Latin American Video Archives. Environmental destruction resulting from construction of hydroelectric power dam near Manaus.
"Burning Season" [1993], dir. Harvey Crossland, 104m.
"The Burning Season" [1994], dir. John Frankenheimer, 123m. In video stores. Dramatized story of martyred Chico Mendes.
"The Charcoal People" [1999], dir. ?, 68m. From Cinema Guild. Documents workday lives of Amazon charcoal burners, & the toll that work takes on their health & the global environment.
"Chico Mendes" [1994], dir. Raquel Couto & Edilson Martins, 48m. From Latin American Video Archives.
"Contact: The Yanomami Indians" [1991], dir. Geoffrey O'Connor, 28m. From Filmakers' Library. Experience with goldminers since 1987.
"The Corumbiara Massacre" [1995], dir. Georges Bourdoukan, 16m. From Latin American Video Archives. Investigates killings of landless rural workers in Rondonia.
"The Decade of Destruction" [1990], dir. Adrian Cowell, six cassettes, 55m. each. From Bullfrog Films. "The Rainforest"; "The Colonists"; "The Development Road"; "The Indians"; & "The Rubber Tappers"; & "The Politicians."
"Defying Death in Brazil: The Story of Father Ricardo Rezende" [199?], dir. Geoffrey O'Connor, 16m. From Filmakers' Library. Struggle for justice in southern Pará.
"The Dolphin [O boto]" [1987], dir. Walter Lima Jr., 95m. The legend of Amazonian dolphin-man who arouses sensuality in women.
"Halting the Fires" dir. Octavio Bezerra, 52m. From Filmakers' Library. Attack on Brazilian government-sponsored program of land clearance in Amazon.
"In Good Hands: Culture and Agriculture in the Lacandon Rainforest" 27m. From Video Project.
"In a Time of Headlong Progress"45m. From Video Project.
"Iracema" [1975], dir. ?, 90m. From Cinema Guild. Semi-documentary on adventures of 14-year-old Indian girl who travels the Trans-Amazon Highway.
"The Last of the Hiding Tribes" 150m. From Bullfrog Films.
"Nomads of the Rainforest"[1987], 59m. From World Cultures on Film & Video (1997-1998)
"Rainforests: Proving Their Worth" 30m. From Video Project.
"The River of Doubt, 1914-1992" [?], dir. ?, 60m. From Teacher's Video. PBS documentary on 1914 expedition to chart the course of the river.
"Raoni: Fight for the Amazon" [1992], dir. Jean-Pierre Putilleux, 82m. From Teacher's Video.
"Saviors of the Rainforest" 90m. From Video Project.
"Taking Aim" [1993], dir. Monica Frota, 41m. From Cinema Guild. Chronicles Kayapo Indians' appropriation of video technology as political & cultural weapon, issues of power & ethnographic representation of "traditional societies."
"Xingu: Land of No Shame" [1997], dir. ?, 60m. From Cinema Guild. Daily life in Xingu National Park in Southern Amazon Basin, home to 3,500 Native Brazilians of fifteen different tribes.